$1.$ Use Case Diagram: Library Management System $(4$ points$)$

A university library is implementing a system to manage book loans, returns, and catalog maintenance. The system will be used by students, librarians, and library administrators.

Use Cases:

$$ Search for Books:

$$ Actor: Student

$$ Description: Students can search for books by title, author, or category. The system provides the availability status and location of the books.

$$ Borrow Book:

$$ Actor: Student

$$ Description: A student can borrow available books by providing their ID and the book details. The system tracks the due date and number of books borrowed.

$$ Return Book:

$$ Actor: Student

$$ Description: The student returns borrowed books by the due date. The system checks if the book is returned on time or is overdue.

$$ Pay Late Fee:

$$ Actor: Student

$$ Description: If a book is returned late, the system calculates a late fee, and the student can pay the fee online or at the library counter.

$$ Manage Loans:

$$ Actor: Librarian

$$ Description: Librarians can approve or deny loan requests, manually issue books, and track the status of loaned items. They can also generate reports on overdue books.

$$ Manage Catalog:

$$ Actor: Administrator

$$ Description: The administrator can add new books to the library's catalog, update book details, and remove outdated or damaged books from the system.

$$ Manage User Accounts:

$$ Actor: Administrator

$$ Description: The administrator can create, update, and delete student and librarian accounts.

$$ Send Reminders for Overdue Books:

$$ Actor: Librarian

$$ Description: The system can automatically send reminders to students with overdue books, or librarians can manually send reminders.