1. Using variable costing, what is the unit product cost for both years?

2. What is the variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and in Year 2?

3. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each year.

During Heaton Company's first two years of operations, it reported absorption costing net operating income as follows: Sales (@ $61 per unit) Cost of goods sold (@ $38 per unit) Gross margin Selling and administrative expenses Net operating income Year 1 $ 1,098,000 684,000 414,000 300,000 $ 114,000 Year 2 $ 1,708,000 1,064,000 644,000 330,000 $ 314,000 $3 per unit variable: $246,000 fixed each year. The company's $38 unit product cost is computed as follows: Direct materials Direct labor Variable manufacturing overhead Fixed manufacturing overhead ($437,000 = 23,000 units) Absorption costing unit product cost $ 5 11 3 19 $ 38 Production and cost data for the first two years of operations are: Units produced Units sold Year 1 23,000 18,000 Year 2 23,000 28,000 Year 2 Reconciliation of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing Net Operating Incomes Year 1 Variable costing net operating income (loss) Add (deduct) fixed manufacturing overhead deferred in (released from) inventory under absorption costing Absorption costing net operating income