10 Queue & Waiting Line Case Al Manar library holds print and electronic books and journals which are included in the online campus- wide catalog. It maintains a core collection of monographs and serials, both in print and electronic format. There are more extensive collections in faculty research areas, including science, business, history, literature and linguistics. Our participation in the Inter-Library network allows direct access to borrow circulating print resources from other libraries throughout the region, as well as enhancing the array of online databases and other electronic resources that we provide. During the COVID-19 pandemic, all returned print material will be quarantined for 72 hours before being re- shelved. The library loan counter receives 10 book loans per hour, and it is presumed that the counter can issue a rate of 12 book loans per hour. Find 1) The probability that the reference desk is busy (hint: utilization rate) 2) The probability that the reference desk is NOT busy 3) What is the average number of loans that will be waiting for service (hint: as in queue)? 4) What is average waiting time for a book loan in the library (hint: as in the system)