11. The most important consideration in selecting a sample is that it should be ____________.

a) Selected from the population by means of a table of random numbers

b) Made up of a large number of subjects

c) Representative of the population

d) Selected from a large number of individuals or elements

12. Suppose Mr. North randomly selected University in the country and then randomly selected Botswana Open University (BOU) as the Government institution, and finally randomly selected research methods classes from within BOU degree classes. His sampling technique is best described as _____________________.

a) Random

b) Stratified

c) Cluster

d) Multistage cluster

13. The ability to generalize the results of a study is related to __________________.

a) Manipulation

b) Predictive validity.

c) Internal validity

d) External validity

14. Which of the following is of least concern to a qualitative researcher?

a) Validity

b) Trustworthiness

c) Understanding

d) Generalizability

15. If a study is "reliable", this means that:

a) It was conducted by a reputable researcher who can be trusted

b) The measures devised for concepts are stable on different occasions

c) The findings can be generalized to other social settings

d) The methods are stated clearly enough for the research to be replicated

16. The purpose of qualitative research is to _______________________________.

a) Establish causal relationships in a natural context.

b) Describe participants' attitudes on a five-point scale ranging from strongly negative (1) to strongly positive (5)

c) Promote a deep, holistic understanding of a phenomenon of interest.

d) Interview and observe participants to confirm theoretical propositions

17. What level of measurement would be used if participants were asked to state their gender in a research study?

a) Interval

b) Ordinal

c) Nominal

d) Ratio

18. Internal validity refers to ____________________________.

a) Whether not there is casual relationship between one or two variables

b) Whether or not the findings are relevant to the participants day to day life

c) The degree to which the researchers feels this was worthwhile research

d) How accurately the findings reflect on the underlying constructs.

19. How can you tell if your research questions are good ___________________.

a) If they guide your literature review

b) If they are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument

c) If the force you to narrow your scope

d) All of the above

20. When referencing other works you have cited within the text of the report you should

a) State the first and last name of the author

b) Use the author, date citation made.

c) Use an asterisk and a footnote

d) Insert the complete citation in parenthesis