12.Contractual Liability

For several years, Albert acted as a collection agent for Paullette.Recently, Paulette revoked Albert's authority to collect payments from customers.However, neither Paulette nor Albert told any customers of Albert's termination.Yesterday, Theresa, one of Paulette's customers, paid Albert the money owed to Paulette.Albert never gave the money to Paulette.Is Theresa liable to pay Paulette? Why or Why not?

13.Tort Liability from an Agent's Acts

Tammy was shopping in a Save-a-Lot Grocery Store when Stewart, an employee, brushed Tammy's ankle with a grocery cart.A short time later, while still shopping, Tammy told Stewart that he should say "Excuse me," and then people would get out of his way.Stewart then punched Tammy in the face, knocking her to the floor.If Tammy sues Save-a-Lot, what legal issue must be addressed to determine whether Save-a-Lot is liable?

14.Criminal Liability

Describe how business organizations can be found criminally responsible for their actions.What is the way such organizations are punished?

15.Employee Lawsuits

(a) What is meant by the phrase "paper fortress"?

(b) How does maintaining a paper fortress aid the employer the employee claims unfair treatment?