For several years, Hope acted as a collection agent for Rafe. Recently, Rafe revoked Hope's authority to collect payments from customers.$$However$,$ neither Hope or Rafe told any customer's of Hope's termination.$$Yesterday$,$ Gabby, one of Rafe's customers, paid Hope money owed to Rafe.$$Hope never gave this money to Rafe.$$Gabby is not legally obligated to pay Rafe because Hope had $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ authority to collect the money on behalf of Rafe.

Option A

ratification

Option B

apparent

Option C

implied

Option D

actual