191) The ________ code defines how keyboard characters are encoded into digital strings of ones and zeros.

191) _____ A) ASCII B) T.61 C) MARC-8 D) ANSEL

192) Which of the following is a tool used to reduce health care costs by digitizing patient history?

192) _____ A) electronic medical record B) ultrasonography C) CT-scan D) magnetic resonance imaging

193) Which of the following reasons led to the popularity of social networking sites?

193) _____ A) These sites only supported asynchronous communication. B) These sites did not require any security. C) These sites could be used without the Internet or WiFi connections. D) These sites enabled the sharing of news, photos, videos, and tidbits easily.

194) Which of the following is a feature of the devices that form the physical basis of information and systems?

194) _____ A) They consist of analog devices. B) They process information using the hexadecimal numerical system. C) They are all devices whose computing capacities match those of mainframe computers. D) They are considered computers or computer components.

195) Which of the following is an example of a disruptive innovation?

195) _____ A) LCD monitors replaced CRT monitors in televisions. B) Ford introduced small cars for the middle class. C) Land Rover markets most of its four-wheel drives in high-altitude regions. D) Apple launched iPhone 4 replacing iPhone 3. 196) Voice communications can be integrated with data communication through ________.

196) _____ A) VoIPB) cloud computing C) grid computing D) PBX

197) ________ refers to the technologies that make voice communications across networks using packet switching feasible, including over the Internet.

197) _____ A) Java B) COBOL C) VoIPD) RFID

198) ________ are the costs that customers incur when they change suppliers.

198) _____ A) Network costs B) Switching costs C) Overhead costs D) Opportunity costs

199) Which of the following is a drawback of using circuit-switched network?

199) _____ A) It slows down communication after establishing a channel. B) It often wastes capacity. C) It remains unreliable for communication even after establishing a channel. D) It requires the strings of digital data to be broken into packets before being transmitted.

200) Which of the following tasks is performed by utility software?

200) _____ A) maintaining file structures B) allocating memory for the needs of application software C) compressing and backing up files D) video editing and web browsing