2. Find the AMAT (average memory access time) in ns for a machine with 2.5GHZ clock, a miss penalty of 30 clock cycles, a 85% hit rate, and a cache access time (i.e hit time) of 2 clock cycle. 3. A memory has 32-bit addresses. It also has a 512 KB cache. Each block is 64 bytes in size. Note 1K = 210, IM=220 a. How many blocks are there in the cache if the cache is a direct-mapped cache? b. How many sets are there in the cache if the cache is a 2-way set-associative cache? c. Show the partitioning of a memory address into the appropriate fields, if the cache is a direct-mapped cache, 2-way set associative, and fully associative cache, respectively. That is to find how many bits needed for tag, block/set index and byte offset, respectively. d. What is the total size of the cache if the cache is a direct-mapped cache? e. What is the total size of the cache if the cache is a 2-way set associative cache?