29. Without assumptions, planning would be

A) impossible.

B) easier.

C) difficult.

D) inexpensive.

30. The three all-encompassing internal resource categories used in the resource-based view are physical resources, human resources, and

A) financial resources.

B) shareholder resources.

C) organizational resources.

D) non-renewable resources. E) technological resources.

31. A pattern of behavior developed by an organization as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, and that has worked well enough to be considered valid and to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel is called

A) dysfunctional behavior.

B) groupthink.

C) behavior modification.

D) organizational culture.

E) internal audit effect.

32. What is the essential bridge between the present and the future that increases the likelihood of achieving desired results?

A) Motivating

B) Planning

C) Controlling

D) Staffing

E) Organizing

33. For many firms a key decision with great bearing on Research and Development

(R&D) spending is whether to be a "first mover" or a

A) "first activator."

B) "second mover."

C) "average player."

D) "tech leader."

E) "late follower."

34. The process whereby a firm determines the costs associated with organizational activities from purchasing raw materials to manufacturing products to marketing those products is called

A) The Resource-Based Approach.

B) Value Chain Analysis.

C) Strategic Cost Analysis.

D) The Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix.

E) Cost-Benefit Analysis.

35. The initial step to implementing value chain analysis is

A) attaching a cost to each discrete activity.

B) establishing costs in terms of time.

C) establishing costs in terms of money.

D) converting the cost data into information by looking for competitive cost strengths and weaknesses.

E) dividing a firm's operations into specific activities or business processes.