3. Measuring stand-alone risk using realized (historical) data Returns earned over a given time period are called realized returns. Historical data on realized returns is often used to estimate future results. Analysts across companies use realized stock returns to estimate the risk of a stock. Consider the case of Falcon Freight Inc. (FF): Five years of realized returns for FF are given in the following table. Remember: 1. While FF was started 40 years ago, its common stock has been publicly traded for the past 25 years. 2. The returns on its equity are calculated as arithmetic returns. 3. The historical returns for FF for 2014 to 2018 are: Given the preceding data, the average realized return on FF's stock is The preceding data series represents of FF's historical returns. Based on this conclusion, the standard deviation of FF's historical returns is If investors expect the average realized return from 2014 to 2018 on FF's stock to continue into the future, its coefficient of variation (CV) will be Suppose an investor, Erik, is offered the investment opportunities described in the table below. Each investment costs $1,000 today and provides a payoff, also described below, one year from now. If Erik is risk averse, which investment will he prefer? The investor will choose option 1 . The investor will choose option 2. The investor will choose option 3. The investor will be indifferent toward these options. In contrast to his brother Erik, Devin is a risk lover (or exhibits risk seeking behavior). Which of the following statements is true about Devin? Everything else remaining constant, Devin will prefer option 3. Everything else remaining constant, Devin will prefer option 2. Everything else remaining constant, Devin will prefer option 1. None of these options is preferred