3. The verbal element speed up can have two different meanings, as illustrated in the example sentences. For each of these meanings, tell whether up is a preposition or a verb particle, and how you can tell.

I speed up the road. I speed up the recording.

4. Consider the following sentences: The old1 manned2 the boats. The oldest3 man4 built a boat. Give syntactic or morphological evidence for the lexical category of each numbered word. Don't give semantic evidence: "It's a noun because it's a thing" or "it's a verb because it's an action" are NOT acceptable. Assume that 'the' and 'a' are determiners, 'built' is a verb, and 'boat' and 'boats' are nouns.

old1:

manned2:

oldest3:

man4: