$3.$ Total Quality Management

Identify the relevant total quality management $($TQM$)$ technique for each example or description in the following table.

Example$/$Description

TQM Technique

This discipline is based on a five$-$step methodology referred to as DMAIC $($Define$,$ Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control, pronounced $$de$-$May$-$ick$$ for short$),$ which provides a structured way for organizations to approach and solve problems.

Xerox studied the order fulfillment techniques of L$.$ L$.$ Bean, the Freeport, Maine, mail$-$order firm, and learned ways to reduce warehouse costs by $10\%.$

At Land Rover, voluntary discussion groups of $4$ to $12$ employees met weekly to identify cost savings, improve product quality, and discuss work$-$related problems. Although the teams were later phased out, their work was, in part, responsible for almost doubling production at Land Rover from $1993$ to $1996.$

Which of the following factors is likely to have a negative impact on the success of a TQM program? Check all that apply.

Quality circle discussions do not include union leaders.

Management believes that TQM will solve all of the company$$s problems.

Managers expect to see dramatic innovations as a result of TQM$.$

Continuous improvement becomes a way of life.