$4.$ Question $4$:

$*$Layer $1$:$*$ Explore the socioeconomic impact of fluctuations in oil prices on oil$-$dependent economies, particularly in terms of government revenue, employment opportunities, and social welfare programs.

$*$Layer $2$:$*$ Additionally, examine the long$-$term consequences of over$-$reliance on oil revenue for economic diversification and sustainable development, highlighting the importance of investing in education, infrastructure, and innovation.