41) Stores are using ________ to measure a product's handling costs from the time it reaches the warehouse until a customer buys it in the retail store.

A) electronic data interchange (EDI)

B) direct product profitability (DPP)

C) radio-frequency identification (RFID)

D) global positioning systems (GPS)

E) compounded annual grown rate (CAGR)

42) Which of the following is the strongest differentiator for brick-and-mortar stores who want to emphasize their superiority over online retailers?

A) product quality

B) the shopping experience

C) product range

D) pricing

E) the retailer's reputation

43) Walmart developed the Ol'Roy brand of dog food to sell only in its stores. Ol'Roy is an example of a ________.

A) generic product

B) national brand

C) franchise

D) copy-cat brand

E) private label

44) Because shelf space is scarce, many supermarkets now charge a ________ for accepting a new brand, to cover the cost of listing and stocking it.

A) retainer

B) slotting fee

C) residual fee

D) contingent fee

E) royalty