$5$ points

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In an effort to improve efficiency, P&G encouraged its retailers to order directly from P&G$\text{'}$s distribution centers rather than keeping large inventories in their own stores. The result was a significant amplification of orders upstream in the supply chain, causing P&G to experience larger and more volatile swings in demand than what was happening at the consumer level. This is an example of

A$.$ hindsight bias

B$.$ the bullwhip effect

C$.$ safety stock planning

D$.$ the multiplier effect

E$.$ product recall