5.1 An Employee Assistance Program (EAP) should be structured as an independent human resources function to include employee health benefit plans and related human resource functions. Identify 10 key activities that should be coordinated and integrated by the organisations functions. (10) 5.2 Several factors make an EAP successful. List eight factors and explain in your own words how you would evaluate an EAP to determine if it is successful. (10) Question 6 [10] Illnesses, remedies and impairment Well, the annual epidemics of colds, flu and sinus problems are with us again. Not to mention the old faithful tummy bug. When these ailments strike, it is without warning and we are certainly not in a fit condition to work or drive a vehicle. We feel groggy, suffer from nausea, have a headache, as well as the sniffles and sneezes. Off we go to the local pharmacy, hoping that he will supply some sort of "genie in a bottle" miracle cure. It is not only street drugs that can affect our judgement many medications contain high levels of alcohol, which makes us sleepy and not in the brightest of brain-power functions. Many medicinal remedies today, including prescription drugs, carry warnings not to drive or operate machinery whilst taking them. The Occupational Health and Safety Act also forbids operating machinery whilst taking certain drugs or medications. The Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act 85 of 1993) define machinery as follows: "machinery" means any article or combination of articles assembled, arranged or connected and which is used or intended to be used for converting any form of energy to performing work, or which is used or intended to be used, whether incidental thereto or not, for developing, receiving, storing, containing, confining, transforming, transmitting, transferring or controlling any form of energy. This description encompasses a very wide range of equipment. Section 2A of the General Safety Regulations deals with prescriptions regarding intoxication and states that employer or a user, as the case may be, shall not permit any person who is, or who appears to be, under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs, to enter or remain at a workplace. It also states that no person at a workplace shall be under the influence of, or have in his or her possession, or partake of or offer any other person, intoxicating liquor or drugs. (But what about the occasional office party then? Surely something to consider in the future.) Section 2A also states that an employer or a user, as the case may be, shall, in the case where a person is taking medicine, only allow such person to perform duties at the workplace if the side effects of such medicine do not constitute a threat to the health or safety of the person concerned or other persons at such workplace. In other words, it is the duty of the employee to report the use of prescribed medicine to the employer. The employer, or in most cases the supervisor, should then decide if it safe for the employee to perform his or her normal duty while under the influence of such medicine. Apart from legislation, the befuddled state of mind which usually accompanies a cold or other illness can be the root cause of unwanted incidents and are a major cause of time lost from work. What can we do? Try to avoid people with colds. Colds are spread from one person to the other through droplets in the air and on their hands. Wash your hands frequently, especially when you have had contact with someone with a cold. ASSIGNMENT 2023 FIRST SEMESTER HSM100 HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT I Page 7 of Assignment People with colds should cover their sneezes and coughs, dispose of tissues immediately, away from others, and wash their hands frequently since they will inevitably be touching common surfaces such as doorknobs. Get enough rest and sleep. Exercise regularly. Eat a nutritious, well-balanced diet, and be sure to include sources of Vitamin C such as citrus fruits. Source: https://www.labourguide.co.za/health-and-safety/377-health-and-safety 6.1 Read the above article and paraphrase the definition of machinery as defined in the Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993). (5) 6.2 The state of mind that accompanies a cold or other illnesses can be the root cause of incidents in the workplace. In terms of the article, what can be done to prevent unwanted colds or illnesses and what should people with colds do to prevent others from contracting it? Question 4 [20] 4.1 For an employee to claim compensation for an accident, the accident must arise out of and in the course of an employees employment, while on duty. List any nine rights of the employee concerning accidental compensation, and the criteria that must be met by Section 22. Explain in one sentence if it applies in your work environment. (10) 4.2 An occupational disease is any disease contracted primarily because of an exposure to risk factors arising from a work activity. Work-related diseases have multiple causes, where factors in the work environment and other risk factors may play a role in the development of such diseases. Explain the principles that must be adhered to when reporting HIV/Aids as an occupational disease to the Compensation Commissioner. (10)