$6\mathrm{.}3-1.$ Channel partitioning protocols. Which of the following statements is true about channel partitioning protocols?

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a$.$ There can be simultaneous transmissions resulting in collisions.

b$.$ There can be times when the channel is idle, when a node has a frame to send, but is prevented from doing so by the medium access protocol.

c$.$ Channel partitioning protocol can achieve $100\%$ utilization, in the case that there is only one node that always has frames to send

d$.$ Channel partitioning protocols can achieve $100\%$ channel utilization, in the case that all nodes always have frames to send.