6. You are conducting a classical experiment to test the effects, on attitudes towards drug use of a 2 year drug abuse education program being given in local high schools. However, 50% of the subjects in your treatment group leave the study between the pre-test and post-test, with most of them claiming that they don't need an education program. As a result, which of the following is the most serious threat to internal validity you are currently facing? a regression to the mean b. history c. experimental mortality d. none of the above are threats to internal validity 7. Assume the state of New York enacted a tough mandatory sentencing law for first time drug offenders in December 2010. In order to examine the effectiveness of this law, you examine the yearly rate of drug offenses in New York for the years 2001 through 2019 to see whether or not the rate dropped after the law was passed in 2010. In other words, you are comparing the rate of drug offenses in the years prior to the law to the rate of drug offenses in the years after the law was passed. What type of study is this? I a classical experiment b. cohort study c interrupted time series d interrupted time series with a non-equivalent comparison group 8. If, in the above study, you find that drug offenses significantly decreased after the law was passed, which of the criteria for establishing causality has been met? a non-spuriousness b. association between X and Y c. both of the above d. neither of the above 9. Pre-experimental research designs are more vulnerable to threats to internal validity than is the classical experimental design. a. True b. False 10. Which of the following topics would be most appropriate for qualitative field research? a. a study of the trend in elty-wide crime rates in Niagara Falls over a 5-year period b. a study of police-citizen interactions during traffic stops ca study of the cost-effectiveness of a new policing technique aimed at reducing burglary d. a study of the impact of more severe sentencing laws on crime rates in New York State