7. (10 points) A study collected the following data to investigate the association between smoking and aortic stenosis, a narrowing of the aorta that reduces blood flow to the body.

'i". (10 points) A study collected the following data to investigate the association between smoking and aortic stenosis, a narrowing of the aorta that reduces blood flow to the body. Smoker Yes No Aortic Yes _ 51 54 Stenosis No 43 6? a. (5 points) Are the population proportions of people who develop aortic stenosis different for smokers and nonsmokers? To answerthis question. write the null and alternative hypothesis and carry out the hypothesis test. Report your results and conclusion at signicance level [120.05. b. (2 points) Calculate and report the risk ratio comparing smokers to nonsmokers. c. (3 points) Calculate: report, and interpret a 95% confidence interval for the population odds ratio comparing smokers to nonsmokers