$8086$ assembly

a$)10$ numbers are stored from location $1000$ onwards. Write an assembly language program to count the number

of odd numbers in these. Draw the flowchart also.

; From Code Segment

MOV BX$,1000$H

MOV CX$,10$

XOR AH$,$ AH

AGAIN: MOV AL$,[$BX$]$

ROR AL$,1$

JNC NEXT

INC AH

NEXT: LOOP AGAIN

b$)$ Suppose AX$=$ACH. What will be the value in AX in each of the following cases if the carry flag is set? $($i$)$ROL

AX$,2($ii$)$ RCL AX$,2$

What will be the values of the specified registers and flags after the execution of the following instructions?

MOV CX$,0604$H

MOV AX$,0$ A$98$H

RCL AL$,$CL ; CF$=1$

ADD AX$,$CX

AX$=?,$ CX$=?,$ CF$=?,$

PF$=?,$ AF$=?,$ SF$=?,$ ZF$=?$

MOV AX$,8$F$0$AH

MUL AL

SUB AH$,$AL

ADC AX$,$AX

AX$=?,$ CF$=?,$ PF$=?,$

AF$=?,$ SF$=?,$ ZF$=?$

Given the definition of the following data segment, where A and B are ASCII numbers.

Write the required code segment that converts these ASCII numbers to packed BCD and add them up to calculate

sum in pack BCD form. Save the result in variable C$.$ The resulting BCD number is assumed to be a byte.

Write an assembly language program that will process the following sentence as follows :

a$)$ Convert the first letter of each word to upper$-$case,

b$)$ Count and save the number of words in the sentence,

c$)$ Count and save the number of alpha characters $($letters$)$ in the sentence

Consider the following sentence in your program : "king khalid university was established in $1419$H$."$

The program should be general and work for any sentence ending with a full stop $\text{'}.\text{'}$ character.

Uppercase characters are ordered between $\text{'}$A$\text{'}(41$ H$)$ and $\text{'}$Z$\text{'}(5$AH$)$ and lowercase characters are ordered between $\text{'}$ a $\text{'}(61$ H$)$ and $\text{'}$ z $\text{'}(7$AH$)$ in the in the ASCII Code table. For lowercase letters, bit $5($d$5)$ of the ASCII code is $1$ where for uppercase letters it is $0.$

For example,

Letter Binary ASCII $\text{'}$h$\text{'}0110100068$ H $\text{'}$H$\text{'}0100100048$ H

Write a program that finds the number of $1$ s in a $16-$bits data. Write a program that finds the number of $0$ s in a $8-$bits data. How many I$/$O modes are available in $8255$ A programmable peripheral interface? List and explain them in short. For the circuit diagram shown in Figure $1$:

a$)$ What are the addresses of port A$,$ port B$,$ port C$,$ and control register PCW$.$

b$)$ Which control word is required to interface seven segments display to port A and switches to port B and port C in mode $0.$

c$)$ Write an $8086$ ALP program to read the switches and display their sum on the seven segment display continuously.