$8\mathrm{.}23$ Determine which diodes are forward$-$biased and which are reverse$-$biased in the configurations shown in Eigure P$8\mathrm{.}23.$ Assuming a $0\mathrm{.}7-V$ drop across each forward$-$biased diode, determine $v_{\text{o}\text{u}\text{t}}.$

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Figure P$8\mathrm{.}23$