8. A portfolio which lies below the efficient frontier is described as a. optimal b. utainable dominant dominated c. d. 9. The optimal portfolio is the efficient portfolio with the a. lowest risk b. highest risk c. highest utility d. least investment As a measure of market risk, the beta for the S&P 500 is generally considered to be: 10. a. 1.0 b. 1.0 11. d. impossible to determine Choose the portfolio from the following set that is not on the efficient frontier. A: expected return of 10 percent; standard deviation of 8 percent B: expected return of 18 percent; standard deviation of 13 percent a. b. C. d. D: expected return of 15 percent; standard deviation of 14 percent