8. Big Data can originate:

a. either inside or outside a company.

b. from inside a company only.

c. only from the accounting information system. (answer)

d. from outside a company only.

9. McDonald identified four criteria to be considered a professional. One of them requires accounting professionals to adopt the ___ school of ethical thought.

a. none of these

b. professional(answer)

c. ethical egoism

d. Utilitarian

10. Debra and Dexter are CPAs specializing in tax planning and preparation. Their father, Harry, taught them that being a good person will lead to doing good things. Which school of ethical thought does Harry follow?

a. utilitarianism

b. virtue ethics(answer)

c. deontology

d. ethical egoism

11. In accounting, ethics issues can arise in:

a. Earnings smoothing.

b. Both revenue recognition and earnings smoothing. (answer)

c. Neither revenue recognition nor earnings smoothing.

d. Revenue recognition.

12. Which of the following is most reflective of ethical egoism?

a. Michelle reported fraud she had discovered because she believes that lying is always wrong.

b. Shan agreed to coach as many CPA candidates as possible, in spite of his busy schedule.

c. Jeff inflated his division's sales to get a bigger bonus for himself. (answer)

d. In making ethical decisions, Annie strives to be true to her basic ethical nature.

13. Which of the following violates the generally accepted auditing standard indicated?

a. Evidence: An auditor used last year's report as the only evidence for the current year's report. (answer)

b. Consistency: An auditor explained inconsistencies between a client's application of GAAP over the last two years.

c. Opinion: Auditors issued an adverse report on financial statements.

d. All of these violate the standards indicated.

14. Lenise laid out three potential responses for a violation of her company's ethics code. Based on the Langenderfer and Rockness model, what should she do next?

a. Speculate about what will happen for each of the three responses. (answer)

b.Determine if her company's ethics code is based primarily on ethical egoism or some other school of ethical thought.

c. Talk with a trusted co-worker.

d. Determine who will be affected by each potential response.

15. ___ was turned in by his sons for a Ponzi scheme.

a. Victor Vroom

b. Charles Ponzi

c. Bernie Madoff(answer)

d. Jeff Skilling