9:45 Photo Done Chapter 2| Number Sense: Basic Computational Skills and Benchmarks c. Assume there are ten possible pairs of days an employee could pick from, and that list of the sets of ten pairs suggested in the question above is the right one. If a pair was just picked at random, what is the chance that they'd pick Monday and Friday as the pair, and does this suggest the secretary (in the amended dialogue) has uncovered a bias? i. 1 in 10. No evidence of bias since every pair had an equal chance of being chosen. ii. 1 in 10. Yes, if 40% are choosing Monday and Friday, that is evidence of bias toward that pair. iii. 4 in 10. But that is exactly what the secretary notices was happening, so no evidence of bias. iv. 4 in 10. Yes, if 40% are choosing that pair of days, and there is exactly that chance of randomly choosing that pair of days, then this is clear evidence of bias in the days the employees are choosing. 4. Contraception Deception In October 1995, the U.K. Committee on Safety of Medicines warned that third-generation oral contraceptive pills increased the likelihood of potentially life-threatening blood clots in the legs or lungs twofold-that is, by 100%. This information was passed on in "Dear Doctor" letters to 190,000 general practitioners, pharmacists, and directors of public health as well as in an emergency announcement to the media. Read the ABC News report from 2008 at http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/ story?id=6034371&page=1 (link last accessed 2021-make sure you access the entire link). What was the actual increase in the number of blood clots experienced? . Went from 1 in 7,000 to 2 in 7,000 ii. Went from 1 in 13,000 to 2 in 13,000 iii. Went from 7,000 to 14,000 iv. Went from 7,000 in 100,000 to 14,000 in 100,000 b. Read the ABC News report from 2008 at http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/ Story?id=6034371&page=1 (link last accessed 2021 - make sure you access the entire link). How many abortions was the scare blamed for? i. 7,000 ii. 13,000 iii. 190,000 iv. 1,000 C . Our human inferences are likely to be different depending on whether we read about the percent increase in blood clots or read about the actual change in the number of blood clots. Explain and suggest which one would be the most reasonable in this context. Beyond the Numbers: A Student-Centered Approach for Learning Statistical Reasoning