A 4-cylinder, 3.0-liter compression ignition (CI) engine operates on an air-standard DUAL Cycle as illustrated in the figure. It runs on light diesel fuel and at an air-fuel ratio of 18:1. It is assumed that half the fuel is burned at constant volume and another half at constant pressure. Compression ratio of the engine is 14:1. At the start of the compression stroke, conditions in the cylinders are 60C and 101 kPa. Assume no exhaust residual from previous cycle. Given: - 4.1 Calculate: Combustion efficiency c = 100% Heating value of light diesel QHV=42500 kJ/kg 4.2 Temperature and pressure at each states 1, 2, x, 3, and 4 Cutoff ratio, pressure ratio, and thermal efficiency. Pressure, P Po 1 TDC 3 Specific Volume, v 511 T BDC