A bag of 'Alaskan Premium Ice Melter' was available for sale at the Home Depot. It claims that it is effective at melting ice down to a temperature of -31 C, which might actually make it useful most of the time in Regina during the winter. They state that the active ingredient is calcium chloride.

(a) Assuming maximum effectiveness (i.e., it works at the lowest temperature stated above), what would the molality of the solution formed be? [1 mark]

(b) The bag that is for sale is listed as being 10 kg. Again, assuming everything is working perfectly, how much ice (in L) would this bag be able to melt at -31 C, assuming that the density of ice at this temperature is 920.0 kg m- [3 marks]

(c) If the solubility of calcium chloride in water is approximately 50 g per 100 ml at -25 C, is their claim of being effective at -31 C reasonable? You must support your rationale with calculations. [2 marks]