a$.$

Because it is illegal for unions to make first contact with non$-$unionized workers, workers almost always reach out to a union with whom they might want to affiliate

b$.$

By law, workplaces must contain information about unionization, including a list and contact information of a variety of unions that represent workers in the relevant industry

c$.$

Contact is made either by the union, through flyers or as workers enter and leave the workplace, or by the workers who contact an established union

d$.$

In most cases, unions solicit non$-$union workers by leaving pamphlets and other union material for them