$($a$)$ Consider the grammar L below:

S $->$ NP V P $|$ V P NP

NP $->$ Pronoun $|$ Proper Noun $|$ Determiner Nominal $|$ NP PP

V P $->$ Verb $|$ V P NP $|$ V P PP

PP $->$ Preposition NP

ADV P $->$ Adverb

Nominal $->$ Noun Nominal $|$ Noun

Noun $->$ flight $|$ breeze $|$ trip $|$ morning $|$ afternoon

V erb $->$ is $|$ prefer $|$ takes $|$ need $|$ want $|$ fly $.$

Adjective $->$ cheapest $|$ long $|$ first $|$ latest $|$ other

Adverb $->$ very

Pronoun $->$ me $|$ I $|$ you $|$ it

Proper Noun $->$ London $|$ New York $|$ Cape Town

Determiner $->$ the $|$ a $|$ an $|$ this $|$ these $|$ that

Preposition $->$ from $|$ to $|$ on $|$ near

Conjunction $->$ and $|$ or $|$ but

Is L a context$-$free grammar? Justify your answer. $(6)$

$($b$)$ Using L from $($a$)$ above, give the complete parse tree for the sentence

Do you desire the morning flight from New York to Lon do n$?$

You should enhance the grammar by adding one or more production rules in an appropriate

way, if you deem it necessary, in order to produce a linguistically valid parse

tree.

You do not need to include the question mark $(?)$ as part of the parse tree.$($a$)$ Consider the grammar $L$ below:

Is $L$ a context$-$free grammar? Justify your answer. $(6)$

$($b$)$ Using $L$ from $($a$)$ above, give the complete parse tree for the sentence

Do you desire the morning flight from New York to London?

You should enhance the grammar by adding one or more production rules in an ap$-$

propriate way, if you deem it necessary, in order to produce a linguistically valid parse

tree.

You do not need to include the question mark $(?)$ as part of the parse tree. $(12)$