(a) e-Manufacturing comprises four main technologies, namely product technology, process technology, manufacturing technology, and information technology. The following are three narratives with fictious company names. In relation to e-manufacturing, identify the suitable technology each narrative refers to, and recommend, with elaboration, the corresponding appropriate software/technique to be applied in order to achieve the companys goal. Narrative 1: Vmana is a high-technology manufacturing company. The management aims to fit the production plant with a suitable software which can design product models, as well as can also direct machines to set relevant parameters precisely to manufacture products automatically. Narrative 2: Jolly Moulders is a plastic products manufacturing company which wants to introduce a machine controlled by a software that is capable of changing tools automatically, The company is also expect the machine to record critical data for analytical purpose. Narrative 3: Peniti Pointers is a manufacturing company which plans to incorporate a manufacturing technique that enables similar designs, manufacturing process, or functions to be produced within a cell.

(b) While the capabilities of technology are known to be multi-fold, it has its own set of constraints when it comes to operationalization. With regards to the choice of technology, evaluate the key operational constraints involved in construction industry.