(a) Engineering contract involves planning, achievement of mutual understanding and expectations, financial management and risk management. State and describe FIVE (5) type of contract pricing? [10 marks] (6) FIGURE 1 shows typical steps in a tender process. Discuss the unethical activities that an engineer may involve in any 5 steps of the tender process. Explain how to avoid unethical activities in those 5 steps. Please don't use bribery activity frequently. [10 marks) FIGURE 1: TYPICAL TENDER PROCESS Step 6 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Preparation of TENDER DOCUMENT with the involvement of LEGAL TEAM and commercial team Contents 1. GENERAL TERMS and CONDITIONS 2 TENDER FORMS and CONTRACT DOCUMENT 3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 4. PRICE SCHEDULES Call for TENDER publish at the WEBSITES and NEWSPAPERS Stating title for the tender document, purchase price, submission DATE, TIME and LOCATION 1. Potential bidders (supplier) 2. Check the tender documents 3. Buy the document 1. Study the document 2. Source for technology and funding Step 5 1. Fill in the compliant statement 2. Prepare complete the TENDER DOCUMENT for SUBMISSION Submit the completed Tender Document before the closing Date and Time at the stipulated Location Step 7A Step 7C Step 10 Technical Evaluation Committee members Carry out the Technical Evaluation Step 9 Step 8 Letter of Award RECEIVED by the TENDERER and the signing of the CONTRACT to supply, deliver, test and commission of the Project TENDER BOARD Makes a DECISION to AWARD to successful Tenderer The shortlist for the recommended suppliers are presented to TENDER BOARD RESULTS of EVALUATION from TECHNICAL and COMMERCIAL committee are consolidated at TENDER COMMITTEE And a short list for the recommended suppliers are prepared for submission to TENDER BOARD Step 7 Opening Committee Opens ALL the Tender Document Submitted and passes to 1. Technical Evaluation Committee 2. Commercial Evaluation Committee for evaluation Step 7B Commercial Evaluation Committee members Carry out the Commercial Evaluation Notes Steps 1, 2, 7, 7A, 7B, 7C, 8 and 9 are in the office of the OWNER of the TENDER Steps 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10 are in the office of the BIDDER (Tenderer) 5