Question: a) Explain what is meant by a network capacity and how this is related to a network's bandwidth. (3mks) b) An application layer protocol typically

a) Explain what is meant by a network capacity and how this is related to a network's bandwidth. (3mks)

b) An application layer protocol typically defines four things. What are these four things? Explain (8mks)

c) P2P is an application for sharing files. P2P can have a centralized directory of what files are available and where they are accessible (e.g., Napster) or be completely decentralized (e.g., Gnutella). Briefly describe the trade-offs of centralized versus distributed P2P directories. (8mks)

Question Two

a) By considering the operation of the TCP protocol, briefly explain how it is able to overcome errors in the transmission and ensure that data is transferred reliably over network. (6mks)

b) Identify, and briefly describe, three QoS parameters that are often measured to characterize the behaviour of a network or network connection (5mks)

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