a$.$

i$.$ In home automation applications $($Section $4\mathrm{.}5\mathrm{.}2),$ why is a protocol translation gateway required when using short range, low$-$power Internet of Things $($IoT$)$ systems such as ZigBee?

b$.$

i$.$ An analogue measurement sensor in an loT network has a bandwidth extending from very low frequencies up to $32$ kHz $.$ Using the sampling theorem $($Section $3\mathrm{.}3\mathrm{.}1),$ what is the minimum sampling rate $($number of samples per second$)$ required to convert the sensor output signal into a digital representation?

If each sample is now quantised into $512$ levels, what will be the resulting sensor output bitrate in kbps$?$ Give your answer in scientific notation to $1$ decimal place.

HINT

You need to determine ghe number of bits per sample ghat allow for $512$ quantisation levels

ii$.$ If the available bitrate is $600$ kbps $,$ can the analogue measurement signal still be sampled at the rate calculated in part i$.,$ if the number of quantisation levels is increased from $512$ to $2048?$ Briefly explain your answer.C$.$

i$.$ In error detection and correction methods $($Section $3\mathrm{.}7),$ what is the key difference between the forward error correction $($FEC$)$ and automatic repeat request $($ARQ$)$ schemes?ii$.$ The received FEC $75$ message block displayed below uses even parity checks, with the parity bits displayed at the end of each row $($A$-$E$)$ and column $(1-7)$ in the shaded cells $($see Section $3\mathrm{.}7\mathrm{.}1).$ A single bit error has occurred somewhere in this message block.

By checking each row and column, determine the row$-$column grid reference of the bit error.

$-$What change needs to be made to correct the error?

As part of your answer, briefly explain how you located the bit error.

$\backslash$table$[[,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,],[$A$,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0],[$B$,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0],[$C$,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1],[$E$,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1]]$