A longitudinal project was conducted to study the executive and memory functions of elderly residents in a community. The participants were assessed every few years with a set of cognitive tests. Demographic and health information was also collected. The data set for this assignment is part of the data from that project.

B. Perform the chosen test and interpret the results. Paste the relevant SPSS output table(s) to support your answers.

2a.What is the null hypothesis being tested with this t test? (1 point)

2b. Use the SPSS output to calculate effect size, d. Must show the calculation process. (2 points: Deduct 1 if the process is correct but there is calculation error. No credit is earned if no relevant table is pasted in this document.)

2c. Report the t test result in symbols according to the APA standards, including t statistic with degree of freedom, p value, and effect size d. Present all the items in one single line, separated by commas, with the symbols italicized. (3 points. 1 each for t statistic, p value, and effect size d. No credit is earned if no relevant table is pasted in this document.)

2d. Make a decision about the null hypothesis (reject or fail to reject), and provide a rationale. (1 point: .5 for each answer)

2e. Examine the means of memory function in the two testing sessions. What is your observation considering both the hypothesis test result above and the means? Remember to paste the relevant SPSS output table for this question to support your answer. (1 point. No credit is earned if no relevant table is pasted.)

A B D E F G H 1 J 1 Sub ID Marital Gender Educ 2 1 4 3 4 4 3 5 4 6 5 6 7 8 9 NM NON NMN 2 3 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 N N NW NW 4 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 3 2 4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MMSE Age 1 EF1 16 28 65.8 84.44 12 28 66.9 79.88 13 29 76.9 80.11 8 29 79.9 100.42 12 26 67.5 85.39 12 28 84.1 97.59 12 29 72.6 89.75 16 30 75.6 108.95 13 28 79.6 100.00 12 26 78.0 100.05 14 261 66.3 97.63 13 29 65.1 95.63 17 30 67.2 98.52 12 29 69.0 103.15 16 28 78.9 89.73 14 26 69.4 91.22 15 27 65.3 97.38 20 28 73.6 93.71 15 28 78.4 96.87 16 30 69.6 101.35 16 29 65.8 97.42 15 30 74.0 103.69 13 29 67.6 101.29 18 29 69.5 110.68 28 67.0 107.64 14 30 69.9 103.58 16 28 68.8 96.67 18 29 71.5 108.34 18 30 73.8 90.26 14 30 71.1 91.85 12 30 74.5 99.20 18 28 66.6 112.89 16 29 66.1 101.16 13 29 65.2 100.29 29 76.8 111.00 29 75.4 91.38 28 66.7 105.13 14 30 65.5 102.57 16 30 72.8 102.72 19 28 76.5 107.08 13 28 72.9 96.14 18 30 69.7 95.35 16 30 66.0 110.68 20 29 71.4 111.41 18 30 75.8 114.54 20 27 65.4 118.57 18 30 67.0 110.52 16 29 69.2 97.80 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Memi Age2 104.63 107.01 97.29 86.77 93.40 102.19 98.31 112.20 105.89 103.75 102.19 93.70 101.30 103.59 84.34 95.18 107.04 98.42 111.80 93.83 105.60 73.39 103.55 96.13 114.53 108.73 90.61 96.42 98.21 96.31 93.91 95.89 80.11 92.13 111.96 100.01 113.34 113.51 102.92 100.49 102.46 107.18 107.62 100.00 110.02 85.77 97.02 108.46 74.2 75.3 85.3 88.4 75.9 92.5 81.0 84.0 87.9 86.5 74.6 73.4 75.7 77.5 87.2 77.7 73.6 82.1 86.7 77.9 74.1 82.5 75.9 78.0 75.3 78.2 77.1 79.8 82.1 79.3 82.7 74.8 74.3 73.5 85.0 83.7 74.9 73.7 81.0 84.7 81.1 77.8 74.1 79.5 83.9 73.5 75.1 77.3 EF2 83.66 83.95 84.14 83.02 85.63 84.77 86.86 88.39 91.56 91.88 92.36 94.94 91.94 92.23 85.37 93.47 93.82 95.97 98.37 95.70 97.70 97.01 96.10 98.44 97.65 99.35 97.61 97.82 91.45 91.98 98.19 103.51 102.16 101.17 102.72 106.53 103.69 101.06 100.46 106.55 99.71 106.20 113.33 109.73 113.29 114.41 102.80 106.67 Mem2 98.63 97.30 88.30 81.73 90.27 102.34 88.20 115.71 95.77 95.03 100.37 94.29 97.49 89.37 86.44 86.93 107.36 92.77 103.91 94.43 96.34 69.25 104.07 82.63 114.87 102.84 96.43 92.51 97.32 96.39 92.61 94.90 80.88 91.85 106.24 102.08 111.89 110.02 100.72 93.43 99.21 105.08 100.30 103.97 111.17 84.28 96.76 95.26 26 16 4 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 3 3 2 4 4 36 2 2 2 2 4 37 38 39 40 41 2 2 2 3 4 42 43 44 45 46 2 2 2 2 2 2 45 46 47 48 47 48 49 Format as Table y Paste Font Alignment Number Cells Editing Idea: Cell Styles F2 fx 65.8 A B D E L H 96.13 2 1 29 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 18 16 14 16 18 18 3 3 2 NNN 2 2 4 4 N 1 NNNNNNN 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 14 12 18 16 13 12 12 19 14 16 19 13 18 16 20 18 20 18 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN F 69.5 67.0 69.9 68.8 71.5 73.8 71.1 74.5 66.6 66.1 65.2 76.8 75.4 66.7 65.5 72.8 76.5 72.9 69.7 66.0 71.4 75.8 65.4 67.0 69.2 69.3 68.1 67.5 67.8 73.0 71.9 68.3 28 30 28 29 30 30 30 28 29 29 29 29 28 30 30 28 28 30 30 29 30 27 30 29 28 30 29 30 30 30 29 110.68 107.64 103.58 96.67 108.34 90.26 91.85 99.20 112.89 101.16 100.29 111.00 91.38 105.13 102.57 102.72 107.08 96.14 95.35 110.68 111.41 114.54 118.57 110.52 97.80 107.44 117.27 123.48 116.20 108.14 117.73 93.19 -1 -2 3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 78.0 75.3 78.2 77.1 79.8 82.1 79.3 82.7 74.8 74.3 73.5 85.0 83.7 74.9 73.7 81.0 84.7 81.1 77.8 74.1 79.5 83.9 73.5 75.1 77.3 77.4 76.5 75.6 76.2 81.1 80.3 76.4 114.53 108.73 90.61 96.42 98.21 96.31 93.91 95.89 80.11 92.13 111.96 100.01 113.34 113.51 102.92 100.49 102.46 107.18 107.62 100.00 110.02 85.77 97.02 108.46 104.39 83.58 107.63 96.51 104.82 109.02 114.60 98.44 97.65 99.35 97.61 97.82 91.45 91.98 98.19 103.51 102.16 101.17 102.72 106.53 103.69 101.06 100.46 106.55 99.71 106.20 113.33 109.73 113.29 114.41 102.80 106.67 115.46 117.59 105.52 117.65 106.30 120.05 90.55 K 82.63 114.87 102.84 96.43 92.51 97.32 96.39 92.61 94.90 80.88 91.85 106.24 102.08 111.89 110.02 100.72 93.43 99.21 105.08 100.30 103.97 111.17 84.28 96.76 95.26 103.42 82.74 105.91 93.98 101.21 103.62 108.18 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 16 20 16 12 16 18 16 14 1 2 55 4 7 8 9 A B Variable Name Marital Description Marital Status Values 1 - Single (never married 2 - Married 3 - Divorced 4 - Widowed Gender Gender 1 - Female 2 - Male Education Number of years Mini Mental Status Exam Test score Educ 1 2 MMSE 3 #Agei 5 5 EF1 Age at 1st test session Number of years Executive function at 1st test session Test score 3 Mem1 Memory function at 1st test session Test score Age at 2nd test session Number of years Executive function at 2nd test session Test score Age2 1 2 EF2 3 # Mem2 5 Memory function at 2nd test session Test score A B D E F G H 1 J 1 Sub ID Marital Gender Educ 2 1 4 3 4 4 3 5 4 6 5 6 7 8 9 NM NON NMN 2 3 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 N N NW NW 4 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 3 2 4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MMSE Age 1 EF1 16 28 65.8 84.44 12 28 66.9 79.88 13 29 76.9 80.11 8 29 79.9 100.42 12 26 67.5 85.39 12 28 84.1 97.59 12 29 72.6 89.75 16 30 75.6 108.95 13 28 79.6 100.00 12 26 78.0 100.05 14 261 66.3 97.63 13 29 65.1 95.63 17 30 67.2 98.52 12 29 69.0 103.15 16 28 78.9 89.73 14 26 69.4 91.22 15 27 65.3 97.38 20 28 73.6 93.71 15 28 78.4 96.87 16 30 69.6 101.35 16 29 65.8 97.42 15 30 74.0 103.69 13 29 67.6 101.29 18 29 69.5 110.68 28 67.0 107.64 14 30 69.9 103.58 16 28 68.8 96.67 18 29 71.5 108.34 18 30 73.8 90.26 14 30 71.1 91.85 12 30 74.5 99.20 18 28 66.6 112.89 16 29 66.1 101.16 13 29 65.2 100.29 29 76.8 111.00 29 75.4 91.38 28 66.7 105.13 14 30 65.5 102.57 16 30 72.8 102.72 19 28 76.5 107.08 13 28 72.9 96.14 18 30 69.7 95.35 16 30 66.0 110.68 20 29 71.4 111.41 18 30 75.8 114.54 20 27 65.4 118.57 18 30 67.0 110.52 16 29 69.2 97.80 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Memi Age2 104.63 107.01 97.29 86.77 93.40 102.19 98.31 112.20 105.89 103.75 102.19 93.70 101.30 103.59 84.34 95.18 107.04 98.42 111.80 93.83 105.60 73.39 103.55 96.13 114.53 108.73 90.61 96.42 98.21 96.31 93.91 95.89 80.11 92.13 111.96 100.01 113.34 113.51 102.92 100.49 102.46 107.18 107.62 100.00 110.02 85.77 97.02 108.46 74.2 75.3 85.3 88.4 75.9 92.5 81.0 84.0 87.9 86.5 74.6 73.4 75.7 77.5 87.2 77.7 73.6 82.1 86.7 77.9 74.1 82.5 75.9 78.0 75.3 78.2 77.1 79.8 82.1 79.3 82.7 74.8 74.3 73.5 85.0 83.7 74.9 73.7 81.0 84.7 81.1 77.8 74.1 79.5 83.9 73.5 75.1 77.3 EF2 83.66 83.95 84.14 83.02 85.63 84.77 86.86 88.39 91.56 91.88 92.36 94.94 91.94 92.23 85.37 93.47 93.82 95.97 98.37 95.70 97.70 97.01 96.10 98.44 97.65 99.35 97.61 97.82 91.45 91.98 98.19 103.51 102.16 101.17 102.72 106.53 103.69 101.06 100.46 106.55 99.71 106.20 113.33 109.73 113.29 114.41 102.80 106.67 Mem2 98.63 97.30 88.30 81.73 90.27 102.34 88.20 115.71 95.77 95.03 100.37 94.29 97.49 89.37 86.44 86.93 107.36 92.77 103.91 94.43 96.34 69.25 104.07 82.63 114.87 102.84 96.43 92.51 97.32 96.39 92.61 94.90 80.88 91.85 106.24 102.08 111.89 110.02 100.72 93.43 99.21 105.08 100.30 103.97 111.17 84.28 96.76 95.26 26 16 4 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 3 3 2 4 4 36 2 2 2 2 4 37 38 39 40 41 2 2 2 3 4 42 43 44 45 46 2 2 2 2 2 2 45 46 47 48 47 48 49 Format as Table y Paste Font Alignment Number Cells Editing Idea: Cell Styles F2 fx 65.8 A B D E L H 96.13 2 1 29 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 18 16 14 16 18 18 3 3 2 NNN 2 2 4 4 N 1 NNNNNNN 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 14 12 18 16 13 12 12 19 14 16 19 13 18 16 20 18 20 18 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN F 69.5 67.0 69.9 68.8 71.5 73.8 71.1 74.5 66.6 66.1 65.2 76.8 75.4 66.7 65.5 72.8 76.5 72.9 69.7 66.0 71.4 75.8 65.4 67.0 69.2 69.3 68.1 67.5 67.8 73.0 71.9 68.3 28 30 28 29 30 30 30 28 29 29 29 29 28 30 30 28 28 30 30 29 30 27 30 29 28 30 29 30 30 30 29 110.68 107.64 103.58 96.67 108.34 90.26 91.85 99.20 112.89 101.16 100.29 111.00 91.38 105.13 102.57 102.72 107.08 96.14 95.35 110.68 111.41 114.54 118.57 110.52 97.80 107.44 117.27 123.48 116.20 108.14 117.73 93.19 -1 -2 3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 78.0 75.3 78.2 77.1 79.8 82.1 79.3 82.7 74.8 74.3 73.5 85.0 83.7 74.9 73.7 81.0 84.7 81.1 77.8 74.1 79.5 83.9 73.5 75.1 77.3 77.4 76.5 75.6 76.2 81.1 80.3 76.4 114.53 108.73 90.61 96.42 98.21 96.31 93.91 95.89 80.11 92.13 111.96 100.01 113.34 113.51 102.92 100.49 102.46 107.18 107.62 100.00 110.02 85.77 97.02 108.46 104.39 83.58 107.63 96.51 104.82 109.02 114.60 98.44 97.65 99.35 97.61 97.82 91.45 91.98 98.19 103.51 102.16 101.17 102.72 106.53 103.69 101.06 100.46 106.55 99.71 106.20 113.33 109.73 113.29 114.41 102.80 106.67 115.46 117.59 105.52 117.65 106.30 120.05 90.55 K 82.63 114.87 102.84 96.43 92.51 97.32 96.39 92.61 94.90 80.88 91.85 106.24 102.08 111.89 110.02 100.72 93.43 99.21 105.08 100.30 103.97 111.17 84.28 96.76 95.26 103.42 82.74 105.91 93.98 101.21 103.62 108.18 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 16 20 16 12 16 18 16 14 1 2 55 4 7 8 9 A B Variable Name Marital Description Marital Status Values 1 - Single (never married 2 - Married 3 - Divorced 4 - Widowed Gender Gender 1 - Female 2 - Male Education Number of years Mini Mental Status Exam Test score Educ 1 2 MMSE 3 #Agei 5 5 EF1 Age at 1st test session Number of years Executive function at 1st test session Test score 3 Mem1 Memory function at 1st test session Test score Age at 2nd test session Number of years Executive function at 2nd test session Test score Age2 1 2 EF2 3 # Mem2 5 Memory function at 2nd test session Test score