A measurement system may suffer from different types of errors. Define each of the following types of errors:

a$)$ A weight scale reads $3\%$ higher than the correct value.

b$)$ A weight scale reads $2$ pounds higher than the correct value.

c$)$ A sensor$\text{'}$s output decreases as it ages.

d$)$ A thermometer reads low as the temperature is going up and reads high as the temperature is going down.

e$)$ You weigh the same object three times in succession. The results are: $73lbs,70$ lbs$,71$ lbs $.$