a$)$ Object Oriented programming $($OOP$)$ is a programming paradigm where a solution to a problem is modelled as objects that interact with each other. Briefly explain with relevant examples:

i$.$ What an Object in OOP is$.$

$(2$ marks$)$

ii$.$ How a programmer can add an object to the system $($How a programmer structures their code in OOP.

$(3$ marks$)$

iii. Compare OOP to Structural and Functional programming

$(2$ marks$)$

b$)$ Explain with the aid of a relevant example, the difference between initialization and instantiation in object$-$oriented programming.

$(3$ marks$)$

c$)$ Identify and briefly explain the $4$ Object$-$Oriented Programming Concepts $(6$ marks$)$

d$)$ Explain what is meant by a modifier, and then list and explain three access modifiers.

$(4$ marks$)$

e$)$ Differentiate between $4$ types of variables used in OOP.

$(4$ marks$)$

f$)$ State and explain $2$ types of Control flow statements and give at least one example for each.

$(2$ marks$)$

g$)$ Using java programming language, demonstrate what is meant by the term "method signature".

$(2$ marks$)$

h$)$ Differentiate a concrete method from an abstract method.

$(2$ marks$)$