A statistical control chart:

a) Sets control limits based on managerial intuition and experience with the process.

b) Is useful for identifying random versus systematic variances.

c) Is useful for identifying in-control but not out-of-control operations.

d) Depicts the expected mean (or target) value of a process, but not the allowable range around that value.

e) Determines control limits (both upper and lower) informally, by trial and error.