1. A total of 124 parents of pre-schoolers attend a charity event and 94 parents at the event complete the voluntary survey on preschooler educational needs you are analyzing.
   1. 1. What is the size of the sample?
      2. Identify the population
      3. Should descriptive statistics or inferential statistics be used to report the demographic data from the survey participants?
      4. How might you construct the survey questions to yield nominal data?
      5. How might you construct the survey questions so that the response data for parental satisfaction regarding current preschool educational practices yield ordinal data?
      6. How might you construct the survey questions so that the responses on parental preferences for future new programs yield continuousscale data?

1. For each of the following examples from the quality improvement projects data, identify the type of variable. Nominal, ordinal, or continuous scale.
   1. 1. Four babies' birthweights were 6lbs 2oz., 7lbs 14 oz., 8lbs 1 oz., and 5lbs 3 oz.
      2. The labors resulting in the four above babies were 12 hrs. 5 min., 3 hours 30 min., 16 hours 45 min., and 1 hour 25 min.
      3. The birthing unit had 432 births in 2022, 347 births in 2021, and 567 births in 2020.
      4. The variable rates of preterm births were significantly related to maternal age, smoking, and alcohol or drug use.
      5. In 2022, there were 260 males born at the birthing unit out of the 432 total births.
      6. In 2022 there were 380 newborns who had at least one breastfeeding and 52 newborns who had no breastfeeding prior to discharge.

1. 1. For each of the following examples, state whether the scale variable is discrete or continuous.
      1. The capacity, in terms of numbers of adult passengers in a sedan.
      2. The recovery room time of an individual patient.
      3. The charge in whole dollars for a chest X-ray at 35 different hospitals.
      4. The number of completed patient satisfaction surveys over 30 days.
      5. The weight of a clean fitted hospital bed sheet.

4. For each of the following hypotheses, identify the independent variables and the most likely levels of those independent variables. Then identify the likely dependent variables and a likely way to use those dependent variables. Be specific.

1. 1. 1. Acetaminophen relieves frontal headache better, on average, than ibuprofen.
      2. Hypnosis leads to more smoking cessation, on average compared to those who use online smoking cessation help lines.
      3. Students do better in statistics on average, if they study with other people than if they study alone.
      4. Drinking caffeinated beverages with dinner tends to make it harder to get to sleep.