a$)$ Using a real$-$world example, briefly explain the object$-$oriented programming $($OOP$)$ concept and how it differs from procedural programming.

$(3$ marks$)$

b$)$ Clearly explain with examples what is meant by object, class and package in OOP and how they interact with each other.

$(5$ marks$)$

c$)$ Use a java code example to explain how an object is created and instantiated in a java program, and the different parts of the code used.

$(4$ marks$)$

d$)$ Define the following terms as used in Object Oriented Programming

$(4$ marks$)$

i$.$ Encapsulation

ii$.$ Inheritance

iii. Abstraction

iv$.$ Polymorphism

e$)$ Explain what is meant by a modifier, and then list and explain three access modifiers.

$(4$ marks$)$

f$)$ Differentiate between an expression, statement, and block.

$(3$ marks$)$

g$)$ State and explain $3$ types of Control flow statements and give at least one example for each.

$(3$ marks$)$

h$)$ Using java programming language, demonstrate what is meant by method signature.

$(2$ marks$)$

i$)$ State any two packages that can be used to create a Graphical User Interface for a java program.

$(2$ marks$)$