a$.$ Using the characteristics of Fig. $3\mathrm{.}24,$ determine ${}_{ac}$ at $I_C=14mA$ and $V_{CE}=3V.$

b$.$ Determine ${}_{dc}$ at $I_C=1mA$ and $V_{CE}=8V.$

c$.$ Determine ${}_{ac}$ at $I_C=14mA$ and $V_{CE}=3V.$

d$.$ Determine ${}_{dc}$ at $I_C=1mA$ and $V_{CE}=8V.$

e$.$ How does the level of ${}_{ac}$ and ${}_{dc}$ compare in each region?

f$.$ Is the approximation ${}_{dc}$~$={}_{ac}$ a valid one for this set of characteristics?

FIG. $3\mathrm{.}24$

Curve tracer response to $2$N$3904$ npn transistor.