$($A$)$ What is a confederation $($listed in the previous chapter$),$ versus the federalism that we have today? What large collection of nation states "across the pond" $($look that up if you don't recognize the phrase$)$ would at least somewhat form a confederation? Also, find a "Western democratic" country that has a unitary governmental structure and list it here.

$($B$)$ Ballot initiatives are discussed here. Study state and local ballot initiatives, referenda, and recalls; note that we have none of these at the Federal, or national, level of government! What do you think: should we have these initiatives, referenda, and recalls? Are they fair$/$needed$?$ Is this the democracy Madison would have wanted?