a$)$ What is the principal difference between a Mealy and a Moore state machine? In terms of VHDL state$-$machine implementation, different approaches exist. Three options are given below. In each case describe its key features including the benefits $/$ disadvantages of the approach:

i$)$ Outputs Decoded from Output Registers

ii$)$ Outputs Encoded within State Bits

iii$)$ One$-$Hot Encoding