Accoundability system design.

(a) Suppose an accountability system labels proficiency as when a student scores above a threshold of 80, where test scores vary between 1 and 100. A teacher faces a class that, without further instruction, would have scores distributed uniformly over this range. If the teachers objective is to maximize the proficiency pass rate of his or her students, should he or she devote the same amount of time to each student? Briefly explain.

(b) Imagine you are a principal who wants to implement a school accountability system. You can either base this system on (1) average test scores or on (2) the percentage of students exceeding a specific score (the proficiency rate). How might the response of teachers to the accountability system vary based on which version is implemented? How might student outcomes be affected?