Water flows steadily in a 100 mm diameter galvanized-iron pipe 200 m long. The pressure at section (1) is 300 kPa, and the pressure at section (2) is 150 kPa. Minor losses are presented in the system through two 90 standard elbow, one globe valve, and one angle valve. For a volumetric flow rate of Q = 0.0053 m/s calculate: (a) The velocity in the pipe, (b)The major losses, (c) The minor Losses, (d) Height difference, h, between sections (1) and (2). Properties of water: p=1000 kg/m. = 1.14 x 10-3 kg/m-s. Hint: Graphs and tables to calculate minor and major losses are in the pages 2 and 3. %3! %3D (2) h = ? Globe valve Angle valve (1) Roughness for Pipes of Common Engineering Materials Diffusers 1 Cp, = 1- AR %3D Roughness, e (5 - "5) = "ly 4.0 12, 8. Pipe Feet Millimeters 6. 3.0 AR = (1 + tan )2 Riveted steel 0.0030.03 0.9-9 R Concrete 0.001-0.01 0.3-3 0.70 Flow Wood stave 0.0006-0.003 0.2-0.9 2.0 Cast iron 0.00085 0.26 1.8 0.60 Galvanized iron 0.0005 0.15 0.40 1.6 20 = 20 degrees Asphalted cast iron 0.0004 Commercial steel 0.12 0.50 0.00015 20 = 15 degrees 0.046 1.4 -0.45 Drawn tubing C, = 0.35, 5. -0.40 0.000005 0.0015 20 10 degrees 20 0.35 1.3 0.30 Minor Losses (Pipe Entrances) Entrance Type Minor Loss Coefficient, K 1.2 0.30 Reentrant 0.78 18 16 14, 12 Square-edged 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 8.0 10.0 0.5 Dimensionless length, N/R1 Rounded r/D Valves and Fittings 0.02 0.06 2 0.15 K 0.28 0.15 0.04 Fitting Type Equivalent Length, LJD Contractions and Expansions Valves (fully open) Contraction Expansion Gate valve 8 Globe valve 340 A1 A2 A1 A2 Angle valve Ball valve 150 AR = A2IA1 AR = A1/A2 3 1.0 Lift check valve: globe lift angle lift Foot valve with strainer: poppet disk 1.0 600 0.8 0.8 55 0.6 E 420 0.6 hinged disk 75 0.4 0.4 Standard elbow: 90 30 0.2 E 45 Return bend, close pattern Standard tee: flow through run 0.2 16 50 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 20 Area ratio, AR flow through branch 60 Contraction loss coefficient, K. N O Area ratio, AR = A2/A1 Expansion loss coefficient, K, 'y = [-] egrees