A.For the given scenario, we have to explain the importance of the sample size when we infer about the population parameters. We know that if the sample size comparatively small, then we would get biased results and the results based on the small sample would not be inferred properly or accurately. But if the selected sample size is large enough or adequate for prediction purpose or inference regarding population parameter, then we would get the unbiased results or more approximately results for the inference purpose. According to central limit theorem and law or large numbers, we know that we get the more reliable an unbiased results when we increase the sample size. For example, animal diet product claims that the weight of certain animal increases by 2kg after the consumption of one diet or food sack. But if we only experiment this for single animal then it would not get the accurate result but if we perform this experiment for more animals then we will get the remarkable difference. We will get the increase of weight by approximately 2kg on an average.

B.I would define inferential statistics as a way of analyzing a sample of data and drawing conclusions about its population based on the information obtained to discover a pattern of a large group by studying the actions of a smaller group. An example of this would be drug trials, their effectiveness, and the percentage of users that had either positive or negative experiences with using it. Given a population of sufferers, some being administered the actual drug and some being provided a placebo, scientists, and doctors are able to determine if the drug did, in fact, work or if the mean recovery time was by chance. They also have to make sure that the samples are not skewed by testing a large group over that of a small group. By utilizing this tactic, it gives them a more robust sample, age only becomes a factor when you pool from identical groups rather than various groups. Choosing various random groups from a population allows the testers to analyze data from different sources regardless of age.

The question is how would you respond to both of these statements A and B?