An ice$-$cube tray is filled with $64\mathrm{.}5$ g of water. After the filled tray reaches an equilibrium temperature $20\mathrm{.}0$C$,$ it is placed in a freezer set at $8\mathrm{.}00$C to make ice cubes.

$($a$)$ Describe the processes that occur as energy is being removed from the water to make ice.

$($b$)$ Calculate the energy that must be removed from the water to make ice cubes at $8\mathrm{.}00$C$.$