Answer all parts please with explanations

10. Software developers have made great efforts to "create a standard." What does creating a stan- dard mean in the software industry, and why are companies doing it? 11. What should an organization do to sustain the strategic benefits of an IS? 12. Adobe encourages PC users to download its Acrobat Reader and Flash Player free of charge. How does this eventually help Adobe strategi- cally? If they give the application away, how does their generosity help them make money? 13. Referring to the list of strategic moves (see Figure 2.2), classify the initiatives of JetBlue. 14. What were the reasons for the failure of the orig- inal purpose of FordDirect.com? Who eventually gained from the system and what were the gains? 15. The executives of well-established airlines are not less smart than those at JetBlue, and yet, their larger airlines have not done what JetBlue has done. Why? 16. What does the term "first mover" mean? 17. Can a late mover have any strategic advantage with IT? What is the risk that a late mover takes? 18. What does the term "bleeding edge" mean