Answer with good high level explanation please

"Access pattern" is defined as the order in which the elements within a data structure

are referenced. The access pattern can have a major impact on performance when using a

memory system employing caches.

Consider a system with a direct$-$mapped D$-$cache $($data cache$)$ containing $4096$ lines.

Each line is $256$ bytes in size. The D$-$cache is initially empty. The matrix $x$ with $256$

rows and $256$ columns is to be processed. The matrix resides in memory starting at

address $0$x$10040000.$ Assume that each matrix element is $32$ bits. Also assume registers

are used for the array indices and no code optimizations are performed.

a$)$ If the matrix is stored in row major order, what is the miss ratio for the data cache

based on the matrix accesses made by the following code?

b$)$ If the matrix is stored instead in column major order, what is the hit ratio for the cache

based on the matrix accesses made by the following code?