Assignment $2$: Fraction Calculator with Operator Overloading $($Without User Input$)$

Create a C$++$ program that simulates a basic fraction calculator by overloading

operators for arithmetic operations involving fractions. This assignment will

involve creating a Fraction class that supports these operations through operator

overloading.

$***$

Part $1$: Fraction Class Implementation

Create a class named Fraction that encapsulates a fraction $($numerator and denominator$)$

and overloads the $+,-,*,$ and $/$ operators to perform arithmetic operations.

Fraction.h $($Header File$)$:

$$ Member Variables $($private access$)$:

o int numerator;

o int denominator;

$$ Member Functions $($public access$)$:

o Fraction$()$; $($Default constructor$)$

o Fraction$($int num, int denom$)$; $($Parameterized constructor$)$

o Fraction$($const Fraction& other$)$; $($Copy constructor$)$

o int getNumerator$()$ const; $($Getter for the numerator$)$

o int getDenominator$()$ const; $($Getter for the denominator$)$

o void setNumerator$($int num$)$; $($Setter for the numerator$)$

o void setDenominator$($int denom$)$; $($Setter for the denominator$)$

o Overload the arithmetic operators $+,-,*,$ and $/$ to perform operations

with Fraction objects.

o void print$()$ const; $($Method to display the fraction$)$

o void simplify$()$; $($Method to reduce the fraction to its simplest form$)$

Fraction.cpp $($Implementation File$)$:

$$ Implement the member functions, the overloaded operators, and the simplify method

declared in Fraction.h$.$

$***$

Part $2$: Main Function

Write the main function in a separate $.$cpp file that uses the Fraction class to simulate

a calculator without requiring user input. Name the file main.cpp$.$

$$ Main Function Requirements:

o Implement a loop that performs $10$ calculations.

o Randomly generate two Fractions to be used in calculations

$($numerators and denominators are random integers between $1$ and $15).$

o Randomly select an operation $(+,-,*,/).$

o Use a switch statement to handle the selected operations.

o Display the result, ensuring the result is simplified before printing.

o Repeat the process for $10$ iterations $($calculations$).$

Main Function Steps:

Step $1$: Initialize Random Number Generator

$-$ Include before the main function:

#include $//$ For rand$()$ and srand$()$

#include $//$ For time$()$

$-$ Initialize the random number generator at the start of your main function

using srand$($time$(0))$ to ensure different random numbers in each run.

$//$code example

srand$($static$\_$cast$($time$(0)))$;

Step $2$: Loop for Repeated Calculations

$-$ Implement a loop that repeats the calculation process $10$ times.

$//$code example

for $($int i $=0$; i $<10$; $++$i$)\{$

$//$ Inside this loop, generate random fractions

$//$ and perform calculations

$\}$

Step $3$: Generate Random Fractions

$-$ Generate four random integers between $1$ and $15$ using the rand$()$ function.

$//$code example

int num$1=$ rand$()\%15+1$;

int den$1=$ rand$()\%15+1$;

int num$2=$ rand$()\%15+1$;

int den$2=$ rand$()\%15+1$;

Step $4$: Create Fraction Objects

$-$ Create two Fraction objects using the randomly generated numerators and denominators.

$//$code example

Fraction frac$1($num$1,$ den$1)$;

Fraction frac$2($num$2,$ den$2)$;

Step $5$: Randomly Select an Operation

$-$ Generate a random integer between $0$ and $3$ to randomly select

an arithmetic operation $(+,-,*,/).$ Use a switch statement

to map the number to an operation.

$//$code example

int randomOperation $=$ rand$()\%4$;

char operation;

switch $($randomOperation$)\{$

case $0$: operation $=\text{'}+\text{'}$; break;

case $1$: operation $=\text{'}-\text{'}$; break;

case $2$: operation $=\text{'}*\text{'}$; break;

case $3$: operation $=\text{'}/\text{'}$; break;

$\}$

Step $6$: Perform the Operation

$-$ Use another switch statement to perform the selected operation

using the overloaded operators from the Fraction class. For division,

make sure to handle division by zero by checking if the second

fraction's denominator is not zero.

$//$code example

switch $($operation$)\{$

case $\text{'}+\text{'}$:

$($frac$1+$ frac$2).$print$()$;

break;

case $\text{'}-\text{'}$:

$($frac$1-$ frac$2).$print$()$;

break;

case $\text{'}*\text{'}$:

$($frac$1*$ frac$2).$print$()$;

break;

case $\text{'}/\text{'}$:

if $($frac$2.$getDenominator$()!=0)\{$

$($frac$1/$ frac$2).$print$()$;

$\}$ else $\{$

std::cout $<<$ "Division by zero is not allowed." $<<$ std::endl;

$\}$

break;

$\}$

$***$