Assume you have the following variable declarations:

SimpleReader in = new SimpleReader1L();

SimpleWriter out = new SimpleWriter1L();

Write program fragments (i.e., you do not need to write complete programs) that read a line of input as a String and print:

Only the uppercase letters in the String

Every second letter of the String

The String with all vowels replaced by an underscore

The number of vowels in the String

The positions of all vowels in the String

Consider the following array:

int[] a = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 };

What are the contents of the array a after the following loops complete?

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 1; while (i < 10) { a[i] = a[i - 1]; i++; }

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 9; while (i > 0) { a[i] = a[i - 1]; i--; }

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 0; while (i < 9) { a[i] = a[i + 1]; i++; }

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 8; while (i >= 0) { a[i] = a[i + 1]; i--; }

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 1; while (i < 10) { a[i] = a[i] + a[i - 1]; i++; }

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 1; while (i < 10) { a[i] = 0; i = i + 2; }

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 0; while (i < 5) { a[i + 5] = a[i]; i++; }

1 2 3 4 5

int i = 1; while (i < 5) { a[i] = a[9 - i]; i++; }