Assuming that the analysis is complete for the groundwater described in the table below, estimate 

a. [6 marks] the pH of the sample assuming a temperature of 25°C 

b. [4 marks] the alkalinity of the sample (in mg/L as CaCO3)

 c. [4 marks] the hardness of the sample (in mg/L as CaCO3) 

d. [2 marks] the non-carbonate hardness of the sample Parameter Sample Concentration (mg/L) Ca2+ 190.2 Mg2+ 84.1 Na+ 75.2 K+ 5.1 Fe2+ 0.1 Cd2+ 0.2 HCO3 - 260.0 SO4 2- 64.0 Cl- 440.4 NO3 - 35.1 CO3 2- 30.0